High-flow arteriovenous fistula and pseudoaneurysm in a native kidney after percutaneous biopsy

Julian C. Ramirez-Acosta, Servicio de Nefrología Adultos, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Griselda I. Bratti, Servicio de Nefrología Adultos, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Oscar Peralta, Servicio de Radiología Intervencionista y Terapia Endovascular. Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Cora Giordani, Servicio de Nefrología Adultos, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) with hemodynamic compromise represent an uncommon complication of percutaneous renal biopsy in native kidneys. In most cases, these fistulas are asymptomatic and self-limiting. However, on certain occasions, depending on their size, they may impair renal perfusion and lead to hemodynamic alterations. We report the case of a 61-year-old female patient who required embolization of the right renal artery due to a high-flow arteriovenous fistula (AVF-HF) associated with a pseudoaneurysm, presenting with gross hematuria and hemodynamic decompensation following a percutaneous renal biopsy.

Keywords: Arteriovenous fistula. Pseudoaneurysm. Renal biopsy. Embolization therapeutic.